Bachelor of General Studies (BGS) Degree Practice Exam

Which type of reasoning emphasizes fairness and administration of justice?

1. Utilitarian reasoning

2. Justice reasoning

3. Egoistic reasoning

4. Consequential reasoning

The correct answer is: Justice reasoning

Justice reasoning centers on the principles of fairness, equality, and the administration of justice. This type of reasoning involves evaluating situations based on the rights of individuals and the fairness of processes in distributing benefits and burdens. It seeks to ensure that actions and policies promote justice and uphold ethical standards that protect individuals' rights, making it fundamental in ethical decision-making. Utilitarian reasoning, on the other hand, focuses on the outcomes of actions, specifically the greatest good for the greatest number, which may not always ensure fairness to all individuals. Egoistic reasoning is centered around self-interest and personal benefit, which does not align with the broader principles of justice. Consequential reasoning evaluates the consequences of actions but is not exclusively tied to principles of fair treatment or justice. Justice reasoning uniquely emphasizes the importance of fairness and equitable treatment, which is why it is the correct choice.